STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT OF INCLUSIVE EDUCATION IN UKRAINE IN THE PERIOD FROM THE 90S OF THE XX CENTURE TO THE 20S OF THE XXI CENTURE

Abstract

The article describes the stages of development of inclusive education from the 90s of the XX century to the 20s of the XXI century. The content and conceptual principles of each period are characterized and defined. This period of development of education of children with special educational needs has undergone transformational changes – from institutionalization to inclusion. In the National Report of 2016 in the period 1991–2016. three stages are distinguished. We have identified four stages: the first – 1990–2000 – prerequisites for creating inclusive education; the second – 2001–2010. – integrationinclusive processes; third – 2011–2022 – development of inclusive education (according to the organization of inclusive education in 2011); the fourth period – from 2022 – the development of inclusive education with a differentiated approach. Together with certain periods, the place and content of inclusive education in the development of the national education sector are described, the stages of development of an integrated education system are described. Inclusive education is defined as a subsystem of general education. The problems of education development against the background of sociopolitical, economic and demographic crises are briefly mentioned. The first stage – the prerequisites for the formation of inclusive education is part of the reform of the national education system and the period of its self-identification (1991–2002). The second stage, the beginning of the 2000th century, namely integration and inclusive processes, belong to the stage of state policy formation in the new methodological and socio-economic context (2003–2013) of intensive modernization of the entire education sector, transition to a more progressive state of education and all spheres of life. The third period of educational development since 2014 is marked by a comprehensive modernization of the educational and scientific sphere – the creation of a holistic education system that should change society’s attitude to education and its scientific support in view of the prospects of reforming the educational sphere, as required by European integration and globalization Art. The driving forces of progressive change were: European integration, globalization, accelerating human development on a research and innovation basis, the threat of Ukraine lagging behind in understanding the inevitability of processes, lagging behind scientific and educational spheres of development, inconsistency with the type of human progress. Regarding the development of education for people with PLO, the third stage since 2011. by 2016 recognized as the introduction of inclusive education.